Dynamic feed spacer for fouling minimization in forward osmosis process - ScienceDirect
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The potentials of 3D-printed feed spacers in reducing the
Optimal design of spacers in reverse osmosis - ScienceDirect
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Numerical simulations of the effect of spacer filament geometry and orientation on the performance of the reverse osmosis process - ScienceDirect
PDF) Optimal design of spacers in reverse osmosis